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This is related to actor-observer bias, where an actor tends to explain his or her behavior by situational factors while an observer tends to explain the actor’s behavior based on stable internal states. This can contribute to prejudice and stereotyping and lead to conflict. The fundamental attribution error is so powerful that people often overlook even obvious situational influences on behavior. That is to say, we tend to assume that the behavior of another person is due to a trait of that person, underestimating the role of context. A few common such biases include the fundamental attribution error, the self-serving bias, the actor-observer bias, and the just-world hypothesis.įundamental attribution error occurs when people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations for the behavior of other people (in comparison to how we explain our own behavior). People are susceptible to bias and error when making attributions about themselves and others. An explanatory attribution is an attempt to understand the world and seek reasons for a particular event. An interpersonal attribution is an attempt to explain the reasons for an event based on an interaction between two or more individuals. “Attribution theory” is an umbrella term for various models that attempt to understand this process. One of the central concerns of social psychology is understanding the ways in which people explain, or “attribute,” events and behavior. Attribution theory attempts to explain the processes by which individuals explain, or attribute, the causes of behavior and events.
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